Thangka is the core visual carrier of Tibetan Buddhist culture, with hand-painting as its soul, while The Treatise on Proportions (a classic text on Buddhist iconography) serves as the sacred criterion for the form of Buddha images. The text clearly stipulates the proportional dimensions of Buddha statues' bodies, the layout of their facial features, and other details. Craftsmen use crosshairs to position and calibrate the images, ensuring they possess solemnity in both form and spirit.

For hand-painted thangkas, the selection of materials is extremely rigorous. The canvas goes through multiple processing steps, and the pigments are made by grinding natural minerals and plants—this ensures the thangka retains its vivid colors and remains well-preserved over time. In terms of techniques, line drawing is used to outline the interplay between solid and void strokes, and color gradation, a traditional technique for smooth color transitions) achieves natural transitions, all of which are fully controlled by the craftsmen's hands and inner mastery.

For craftsmen, painting thangkas is a form of spiritual practice. They infuse their devout faith into the creation process, endowing thangkas with a unique spiritual aura. As an intangible cultural heritage, hand-painted thangkas carry the essence of craftsmanship and cultural traditions, standing as a vivid testament to the inheritance of diverse cultures.